Opening sequences. (Bush)

Top boy.

The people that are gang related and are involved with drugs seem to have fashionable clothing. This makes the audience instantly think that these people are funded by the money they make by selling drugs. Due to this idea of the black youth being involved with gangs and drugs is stereotype that is being reinforced. They are also brought up in a council estate. This gives the impression that they are the villains of the narrative. There is then a young black male that seems to be best friends with a young white male. Due to this, it makes the audience realise that this young black male is the protagonist and also isn't a villain unlike the other black teenagers. Additionally, the idea of the young black boy's mum being shown suggests to the audience that the young boy is innocent and is far from a criminal unlike the rest of the black community. Reinforcing this stereotype, the facial expressions and body language of the black actors suggests that they are careless and makes them seem quite aggressive. However, the stereotype of white people being innocent and influenced by their black friends is subverted. This is presented to the audience as the protagonist (the young black male) is friends with the drug dealers but does not associate with them whereas the white kid seems to make his way round to being their friend and ends up spending time with them and indulging their habits. 

The lighting changes the view and adds tension of the clip. This is inferred as midway through the clip it is shown as night time, after this the rest of the sequence is shown with dark lighting. This suggests to the audience that this is the time period where a lot of negative is taking place. To reinforce this idea, there is a shot of a police car with their sirens on driving past one the actor's driving in the night. Leading on from this there is a shot where it is dark and the only source of light is from the car. This creates more of a tensed atmosphere as there is a threat taking place (a young man without clothes on his knees whilst 3 clothes men are surrounding him discussing what should happen next).

There are several settings where this sequence has taken place and they aren't very pleasant places which would reinforce the stereotype of the black males. The actors are seen firstly in a council estate, this suggests that they were not brought up in a wealthy neither educated family. The villains are then seen out on the streets supposedly selling drugs or just hanging about causing distress to the community. Additionally, there are a lot of that present the estate in the background or simply just shots of the estate. This could be used to reinforce that the estate has a big impact on characteristics. Also, the shot of the 3 black males surrounding the young light skin male naked on an open ground suggests to the audience that the young light skin male has no power and the black males do. The setting (open ground) creates an imagery of how cruel and remorseless these villains are. Also, as the young black males are in jackets and are wearing several layers suggests to the audience that it is cold and the poor young man is there without any clothes. This also creates an enigma code: 'what did the male do to deserve to be there naked?' or 'did he affect the gang and he is now paying the consequences?'

Friday.

The stereotype of black people being fully involved in their religion is reinforced, for example the 2 women that were knocking on doors as they are Jehovah's witnesses and preaching about Jehovah. The idea of the shots showing the setting gives the audience an insight of where and how the actors grew up so maybe the way they act could be influenced by the area. The close up shots gives th audience a better understanding of the atmosphere and how the actors may be feeling especially the close up of the clock. 

The music used to introduce the scene is reflective of the narrative which is to do with the protagonist losing his job and then end up owing somebody else money.

Youngers.

This clip uses shots mid way through the discussion to show the audience what happened and is a unique way to do so as the audience wouldn't have to wait till after the discussion to see the outcome and instead they see it during the speech. The representation of black young males is dominant in this clip as the males are not literate, they are talking in a lot of slang and the fact that the grown man understands it reinforces the stereotype of black people not being educated. The group of them are sitting on a wall in what seems to be an estate.The idea of them sitting comfortably on a wall in an estate shows that they have been brought up there and that they have no worries. This also reinforces the stereotypes of young black males being brought up in estates and not living lavish neither are they family oriented. Additionally, the clothing they are seen in indicates that they are fashionable for young teenagers of that class. 

The shot to open the scene is of women in the club half naked and dancing whilst getting drunk. This image gives an impression to the audience that women are not seen with much respect rather that they are seen as a sexual object to men. Additionally, most of the locations used are outside and not inside the house which suggests to the audience that they spend majority of their time outside and not doing anything really productive. 

The idea of the boys sitting on a wall and having a discussion suggests that it is where they currently are and the idea of the different shots is interpreted as being a flashback .

To start the clip, there is a bright light which shines on the protagonist who is inside a club and surrounded by women. The idea of the light shining on the protagonist suggests that he has some sort of power and he is the main subject in the shot. 

City of God.

Firstly, the actors don't look very wealthy as the clothes they are wearing seem to be small and tight for them. This suggests that they cannot afford to get clothes suitable for their growth as they are young they are continuously growing and they cannot afford to keep up with it. Also, there are shots of everyone involved in the film wearing slippers. This may be due to the climate or simply because it's comfortable to roam around in but their feet seem to be dry which suggests to the audience that they are worn out and they have been through a lot of hard work to end up in that state. There also seems to be a lot of close ups to introduce the scene which creates more of an impact for the audience as they get to see the scene in more detail and get to understand the setting alongside atmosphere. The idea of the fast paced music and the idea of the shots being fast paced as well indicates to the audience that it is full of enthusiasm and also energy. 

The idea of a low angle shot of the man who has the gun and commands for the rest to catch the chicken suggests he has the most power and is well respected. 

When the filming is taking place inside, the place looks messy and corrupt which may portray disturbance and dis-equilibrium in the narrative, which leads on to an enigma code. who or what could have done this? it has affected an entire town. Throughout opening introduction low key lighting is kept consistent, this enhances the audiences opinion on the  spine chilling daunting context we are in. The fact that the opening sequence is nearly all colourless creates another enigma code suggesting something more colourful is about to appear which may cause an even bigger disequilibrium or bring hope to the situation. The light shade of the clip creates chiaroscuro which strengthens the eerie atmosphere. Back lighting and filler lighting is used to make the subject appear more 'rounded' and the filler lighting is gently used to soften any shadows that may be created, However the key light is usually on the centre or vertices of the scene this makes the scene look more ominous and baleful. The flash also play an important role in the opening scene of this particular clip as it depicts an authoritative, in control feel which could lead us to question whether the authority and control is in the right hands. Furthermore there is a waving American flag which may indicate to patriotism, especially because in the shot it is the only object in colour. there are no specific characters in the opening scene, the absence of them however could create an enigma code or portray the lonely, isolated atmosphere in its self. The diagetic sound is very pacey which has been deliberately used to enhance the enigma, this has been added during post production. Furthermore suspense is created when the sound gets louder and faster, the audience begins to  suture within the sequence and feel as though something daunting and rather unusual is about to take place in the narrative. The target audience is 15-30 year olds purely because of how scary it seems, it would not be targeted at a younger audience because of the indication to a thoughtful meaningful narrative.